AI 与 IT 术语词典 — Rufat Nuriyev

A

ABAC

Attribute-Based Access Control — 基于属性的访问控制

ABM

Account-Based Marketing — 基于客户的营销

ACL

Access Control List — 访问控制列表

agentic

agent-like autonomous multi-step behavior — 类似代理的多步自主行为

AHT

Average Handle Time — 平均处理时长

AJAX

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML — 异步 JavaScript 和 XML

AOV

Average Order Value — 平均订单价值

API

Application Programming Interface — 应用程序编程接口

ARR

Annual Recurring Revenue — 年度经常性收入

ASR

Automatic Speech Recognition — 自动语音识别

B

B2B

Business to Business — 企业对企业

B2C

Business to Consumer — 企业对消费者

BI

Business Intelligence — 商业智能

BYOK

Bring Your Own Key — 自带密钥

C

CAC

Customer Acquisition Cost — 客户获取成本

CAPEX

Capital Expenditure — 资本支出

CCPA

California Consumer Privacy Act — 加州消费者隐私法案

CDC

Change Data Capture — 变更数据捕获

CDN

Content Delivery Network — 内容分发网络

CDP

Customer Data Platform — 客户数据平台

Celery

Python task queue for background jobs — Python 后台任务队列

CES

Customer Effort Score — 客户努力程度评分

chunking

splitting documents into retrieval-friendly pieces — 将文档切分为便于检索的片段

CI/CD

Continuous Integration / Continuous Delivery — 持续集成与持续交付

CLI

Command Line Interface — 命令行界面

CLS

Cumulative Layout Shift — 累积布局偏移

CMS

Content Management System — 内容管理系统

COGS

Cost of Goods Sold — 销售成本

containerization

packaging apps into portable containers — 将应用打包为可移植容器

context window

maximum text a model can process at once — 模型一次能处理的最大文本量

CPA

Cost Per Acquisition — 每次获客成本

CPC

Cost Per Click — 每次点击成本

CPM

Cost Per Mille — 千次展示成本

CPQ

Configure, Price, Quote — 配置、定价、报价

CRM

Customer Relationship Management — 客户关系管理

CRO

Conversion Rate Optimization — 转化率优化

CSAT

Customer Satisfaction Score — 客户满意度评分

CTA

Call To Action — 行动号召

CTR

Click-Through Rate — 点击率

CV

Computer Vision — 计算机视觉

CVE

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures — 通用漏洞披露

CVSS

Common Vulnerability Scoring System — 通用漏洞评分系统

CWV

Core Web Vitals — 核心 Web 指标

D

DAST

Dynamic Application Security Testing — 动态应用安全测试

DAU

Daily Active Users — 日活跃用户

DBMS

Database Management System — 数据库管理系统

DDoS

Distributed Denial of Service — 分布式拒绝服务攻击

DevOps

Development and Operations — 开发运维一体化

DIY

Do It Yourself — 自己动手

DKIM

DomainKeys Identified Mail — 域名密钥识别邮件

DL

Deep Learning — 深度学习

DMARC

Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance — 基于域的消息认证

DMP

Data Management Platform — 数据管理平台

DNS

Domain Name System — 域名系统

DPA

Data Processing Agreement — 数据处理协议

DPIA

Data Protection Impact Assessment — 数据保护影响评估

DWH

Data Warehouse — 数据仓库

E

EBITDA

Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization — 息税折旧摊销前利润

EDI

Electronic Data Interchange — 电子数据交换

EDR

Endpoint Detection and Response — 端点检测与响应

Eloquent

Laravel ORM for database access — Laravel 的数据库 ORM

embedding

numeric vector that captures text meaning — 表示文本语义的数值向量

embeddings

numeric vectors that capture text meaning — 表示文本语义的数值向量

EOL

End of Life — 生命周期结束

ERP

Enterprise Resource Planning — 企业资源规划

ESP

Email Service Provider — 邮件服务提供商

ETL

Extract, Transform, Load — 提取、转换、加载

F

FaaS

Function as a Service — 函数即服务

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions — 常见问题

FastAPI

modern Python framework for APIs — 现代 Python API 框架

FCR

First Contact Resolution — 首次接触解决率

few-shot

prompting with a few examples — 在提示中加入少量示例

Filament

Laravel admin panel builder — Laravel 管理后台构建工具

fine-tune

train a model further on domain data — 在领域数据上进一步训练模型

fine-tuning

additional training of a model on domain data — 在领域数据上进一步训练模型

FTE

Full-Time Equivalent — 全职当量

function calling

model returning structured calls to functions — 模型返回结构化的函数调用

G

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation — 通用数据保护条例

GMV

Gross Merchandise Value — 商品交易总额

GPU

Graphics Processing Unit — 图形处理器

GraphRAG

RAG that combines graph relations with vector search — 结合图关系与向量搜索的 RAG

GSC

Google Search Console

GUI

Graphical User Interface — 图形用户界面

H

HA

High Availability — 高可用性

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — 健康保险流通与责任法案

HSTS

HTTP Strict Transport Security — HTTP 严格传输安全

HTTPS

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure — 安全超文本传输协议

human-in-the-loop

human approval before risky agent actions — 高风险操作前的人工确认

I

IaaS

Infrastructure as a Service — 基础设施即服务

IAM

Identity and Access Management — 身份与访问管理

IDE

Integrated Development Environment — 集成开发环境

idempotency

repeating a request does not change the outcome again — 重复请求不会再次改变结果

idempotent

safe to repeat without duplicate side effects — 可安全重复且不会产生重复副作用

IMAP

Internet Message Access Protocol — 互联网消息访问协议

Inertia

bridge between Laravel backend and Vue/React frontend — 连接 Laravel 后端与 Vue/React 前端

inference

running a trained model to get predictions — 运行已训练模型得到预测结果

INP

Interaction to Next Paint — 交互到下次绘制

IOPS

Input/Output Operations Per Second — 每秒输入/输出操作数

IoT

Internet of Things — 物联网

iPaaS

Integration Platform as a Service — 集成平台即服务

IRR

Internal Rate of Return — 内部收益率

J

JIT: Just In Time — 准时制
JWT: JSON Web Token — JSON Web 令牌

K

KPI

Key Performance Indicator — 关键绩效指标

L

LangChain

framework for building LLM applications — 构建大语言模型应用的框架

LangGraph

framework for stateful AI agent workflows — 有状态 AI 代理工作流框架

LB

Load Balancer — 负载均衡器

LCP

Largest Contentful Paint — 最大内容绘制

Livewire

Laravel library for dynamic interfaces without SPA — 无需 SPA 的 Laravel 动态界面库

LlamaIndex

framework for connecting LLMs to private data — 将 LLM 连接到私有数据的框架

LLM

Large Language Model — 大语言模型

LoRA

Low-Rank Adaptation — 低秩适配

LTV

Lifetime Value — 客户生命周期价值

M

MAP

Marketing Automation Platform — 营销自动化平台

MAU

Monthly Active Users — 月活跃用户

MCP

Model Context Protocol — 模型上下文协议

MDM

Master Data Management — 主数据管理

MFA

Multi-Factor Authentication — 多因素认证

middleware

code layer between request and business logic — 请求与业务逻辑之间的中间层

ML

Machine Learning — 机器学习

MRR

Monthly Recurring Revenue — 月度经常性收入

MSA

Master Service Agreement — 主服务协议

multi-tenant

shared platform with isolated customer data per tenant — 共享平台且各租户数据隔离

multitenancy

architecture where one app instance serves many isolated tenants — 一个应用实例服务多个隔离租户

MVP

Minimum Viable Product — 最小可行产品

N

NDA

Non-Disclosure Agreement — 保密协议

NLG

Natural Language Generation — 自然语言生成

NLP

Natural Language Processing — 自然语言处理

NLU

Natural Language Understanding — 自然语言理解

NoSQL

Not Only SQL — 非关系型数据库

NPS

Net Promoter Score — 净推荐值

NPV

Net Present Value — 净现值

O

OAuth

Open Authorization — 开放授权

observability

logs, metrics and traces to understand system behavior — 通过日志、指标和链路理解系统行为

OCR

Optical Character Recognition — 光学字符识别

OIDC

OpenID Connect

OKR

Objectives and Key Results — 目标与关键成果

OLA

Operational Level Agreement — 运营级别协议

OLAP

Online Analytical Processing — 在线分析处理

OLTP

Online Transaction Processing — 在线事务处理

OPEX

Operating Expenditure — 运营支出

orchestration

coordinating multiple services or workflow steps — 协调多个服务或流程步骤

ORM

Object-Relational Mapping — 对象关系映射

OWASP

Open Web Application Security Project — 开放式 Web 应用安全项目

P

PaaS

Platform as a Service — 平台即服务

PCI

Payment Card Industry — 支付卡行业

PEFT

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning — 参数高效微调

pgvector

PostgreSQL extension for vector search — PostgreSQL 的向量搜索扩展

PHI

Protected Health Information — 受保护的健康信息

PII

Personally Identifiable Information — 个人身份信息

PKI

Public Key Infrastructure — 公钥基础设施

POS

Point of Sale — 销售点

PPC

Pay Per Click — 按点击付费

prompt injection

attack that manipulates model behavior via input — 通过输入操纵模型行为的攻击

PWA

Progressive Web App — 渐进式 Web 应用

Q

QLoRA

Quantized Low-Rank Adaptation — 量化低秩适配

R

RAG

Retrieval-Augmented Generation — 检索增强生成

RAID

Redundant Array of Independent Disks — 独立磁盘冗余阵列

RBAC

Role-Based Access Control — 基于角色的访问控制

RDS

Relational Database Service — 关系型数据库服务

rerank

reorder search results by relevance — 按相关性重排搜索结果

reranking

reordering search results by relevance — 按相关性重排搜索结果

REST

Representational State Transfer — 表述性状态转移

retrieval

finding relevant context before generation — 生成前先检索相关上下文

RFM

Recency, Frequency, Monetary — 最近消费、频率、金额分析

RL

Reinforcement Learning — 强化学习

RLHF

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback — 基于人类反馈的强化学习

ROI

Return on Investment — 投资回报率

RPA

Robotic Process Automation — 机器人流程自动化

RPO

Recovery Point Objective — 恢复点目标

RSS

Really Simple Syndication — 简易信息聚合

RTO

Recovery Time Objective — 恢复时间目标

S

SaaS

Software as a Service — 软件即服务

SAML

Security Assertion Markup Language — 安全断言标记语言

SAST

Static Application Security Testing — 静态应用安全测试

SBOM

Software Bill of Materials — 软件物料清单

SCA

Software Composition Analysis — 软件成分分析

SCIM

System for Cross-domain Identity Management — 跨域身份管理系统

SDK

Software Development Kit — 软件开发工具包

SEM

Search Engine Marketing — 搜索引擎营销

SEO

Search Engine Optimization — 搜索引擎优化

SERP

Search Engine Results Page — 搜索引擎结果页

SIEM

Security Information and Event Management — 安全信息与事件管理

SKU

Stock Keeping Unit — 库存单位

SLA

Service Level Agreement — 服务等级协议

SLI

Service Level Indicator — 服务级别指标

SLO

Service Level Objective — 服务级别目标

SMB

Small and Medium Business — 中小企业

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol — 简单邮件传输协议

SOC

Security Operations Center — 安全运营中心

SOP

Standard Operating Procedure — 标准作业程序

SPA

Single Page Application — 单页应用

SPF

Sender Policy Framework — 发件人策略框架

SSH

Secure Shell — 安全外壳协议

SSL

Secure Sockets Layer — 安全套接层

SSO

Single Sign-On — 单点登录

SSR

Server-Side Rendering — 服务端渲染

STT

Speech To Text — 语音转文本

T

TCO

Total Cost of Ownership — 总拥有成本

tenant

isolated customer account in a shared platform — 共享平台上的隔离客户空间

TLS

Transport Layer Security — 传输层安全

tool calling

model invoking external tools or APIs — 模型调用外部工具或 API

TTFB

Time To First Byte — 首字节时间

TTS

Text To Speech — 文本转语音

U

UAT

User Acceptance Testing — 用户验收测试

UI

User Interface — 用户界面

USP

Unique Selling Proposition — 独特卖点

UX

User Experience — 用户体验

V

VPC

Virtual Private Cloud — 虚拟私有云

VPS

Virtual Private Server — 虚拟专用服务器

W

WAF

Web Application Firewall — Web 应用防火墙

Wagtail

Django CMS for editors and content teams — 面向编辑团队的 Django CMS

webhook

HTTP callback when an event happens — 事件发生时触发的 HTTP 回调

webhooks

HTTP callbacks when events happen — 事件发生时触发的 HTTP 回调

X

XDR: Extended Detection and Response — 扩展检测与响应

Z

zero-shot: prompting without task-specific examples — 不提供任务示例的提示方式

词典

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Z

联系方式